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Health Officials Issue Revised Pregnancy Weight-Gain Guidelines For Obese Women
The Institute of Medicine and the National Research Council on Thursday issued revised U.S. weight-gain guidelines for obese pregnant women, in response to rising levels of obesity in the country and growing evidence that weight gain can cause health problems for women and their infants, the New York Times reports. The revision, which is the first since 1990, recommends that obese women -- those with a body mass index of 30 or more -- limit their weight gain to 11 to 20 pounds over nine months. The 1990 pregnancy guidelines did not specifically address weight gain for obese women, telling them instead to follow the recommendations for overweight women. According to health officials, the changes to the recommendations for obese women were required to keep up with the changing weight patterns among women in the U.S. The New York Times reports that about 27% of women of childbearing age are considered obese, while 55% fall into the categories of overweight or obese.The recommendations for women with BMIs of less than 30 did not change. They call for overweight women -- those with a BMI of 25 to 29.9 -- to gain 15 to 25 pounds over nine months, while underweight women -- with BMIs of less than 18.5 -- should gain 28 to 40 pounds, and normal-weight women -- with BMIs of 18.6 to 24.9 -- should gain 25 to 35 pounds (Parker-Pope, New York Times, 5/29).Time reports that pregnant women who do not gain enough weight face a higher risk of stunted fetal growth and preterm delivery. However, it is more common for women to gain too much weight, placing them at higher risk for conditions like gestational diabetes and high blood pressure. In addition, their infants are at increased risk of being born earlier, larger and by cesarean section. Time reports that excessive weight gain can increase a woman"s risk of postpartum obesity and elevate risks of heart disease and stroke because most women do not lose extra pounds gained during pregnancy. Many studies also have suggested that a woman"s gestational weight can predict potential weight problems in her offspring (Kingsbury, Time, 5/28).The committee that developed and issued the revision said that the existing guidelines were essentially on target but that women and their physicians need to work harder to help women reach a normal weight before pregnancy and avoid gaining too much weight during pregnancy, according to the Los Angeles Times (Roan, Los Angeles Times, 5/29). The guidelines also recommend more nutrition and exercise counseling during pregnancy, advising physicians or midwives to consult dieticians to shape a woman"s care regardless of her initial weight, the AP/Yahoo! News reports (Neergaard, AP/Yahoo! News, 5/28). The Los Angeles Times reports that health care professionals are expected to recognize and implement some of the recommendations; however, it is not mandatory to do so.Several experts on maternal obesity and child health expressed disappointment with the guidelines, arguing that obese women should gain little to no weight during pregnancy, according to the Los Angeles Times. They also argue the new guidelines do not do enough to address obesity before pregnancy. Maxine Hayes, state health officer for the Washington State Department of Health, said, "If we wait for every woman to be advised about weight gain after they become pregnant, it"s too late. It puts women and their babies on a trajectory that is unhealthy" (Los Angeles Times, 5/29).
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What Is Constipation? What Causes Constipation?
The word constipation comes from the Latin constipare meaning "to press, crowd together", and from 1400 A.D. Latin Constipationem. According to Medilexicon"s medical dictionary, constipation is "A condition in which bowel movements are infrequent or incomplete". Constipation is also known as costiveness, and irregularity.
News of the day
Survey Finds Surgical Residents View Duty Hour Regulations As A Hindrance To Training
Results of a survey published in the July issue of the Journal of the American College of Surgeons show that a large subset of surgical residents consider duty hour regulations (DHR) a significant barrier to their surgical education and express a desire for flexibility to work longer hours than current restrictions allow.
Mental Health

Four Out Of Ten Skin Disease Sufferers Bullied

A shocking four out of every ten people who suffer from a skin disease in the UK have been bullied as a result of their condition, a new snapshot survey reveals. 23% said that they had suffered from an isolated incident of bullying, with a further 18% revealing that they suffered from regular bullying from their workplace or school. A staggering 92% had been on the receiving end of unwanted remarks and stares. The online survey, conducted by the skin disease research charity the British Skin Foundation, gives a thought provoking insight into the nine million people who live with a skin disease in the UK. The survey was conducted to better understand how skin disease affects sufferers in the UK. 256 people were asked a series of questions relating to their skin disease and the impact it had on their life. The results show that the effects of skin disease go far beyond that of simply having to apply some cream. Four out of every ten people who took part said that their skin disease was a cause of high levels of stress and anxiety. One in ten participants said they had been hospitalized for their skin problems, 11% said they had taken time off work or education and 19% said they had regular loss of sleep as a direct result of their disease. The results also highlighted the effects felt by those around the sufferer. When asked if they felt they were affected by someone else"s skin disorder, 33% said they suffered from a lack of sleep and just under half of respondents stated they felt stressed or anxious by the other person"s skin disease. Worryingly, when asked about what forms of support they relied on for dealing with their skin disease, a quarter said they didn"t rely on anyone or any service for help. Only 6 people out of the 256 relied on a patient support group, with the majority opting for friends and family (51%) and over a third relied on their GP for support. The British Skin Foundation"s Chief Executive, Matthew Patey, is determined to change the situation. He says: "It"s about time people took skin disease seriously. We need to break down the misconception that skin disease is nothing to be concerned about. On the contrary, thousands of people will die this year alone from a skin disease. Although the survey offers only a tiny glimpse at what sufferers go through on a daily basis, we often forget that the effects are not limited to the symptomatic issues, but often branch out into discrimination and unfair treatment outside of the home." Key findings from the snapshot survey: Treatment - Suffered from an isolated incident of bullying 22.6% - Suffered from regular bullying 18.1% - Had unwanted comments and stares 91.6% - Received unfair treatment at work 16.1% The extent skin disease has affected their life: - High levels of stress or anxiety 42.8% - Regular loss of sleep 19.3% - Hospitalised for a period of time 10.7% Being affected by someone else"s skin disorder: - Help apply creams/administer treatment 69.8% - Loss of sleep 32.6% - Suffer from high levels of stress or anxiety 48.8% - Took regular time off work/education to look after the sufferer 11.6% Forms of support: - Talking to family and friends 50.8% - Talking to a patient support group 2.5% - Relying on the local GP 38.1% - None of the above 25.4% The British Skin Foundation


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