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Preschoolers' Language Development Is Partly Tied To Their Classmates' Language Skills
Young children learn how to speak and understand language from the words parents speak at home and teachers speak in preschool. A new longitudinal study has found that their preschool classmates also play a part.
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Calif. Budget Cuts Threaten Prenatal Health Program For Women, Teens
County public health officials in California say proposed budget cuts could hurt or end the state"s Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program, which provides care for high-risk women and teenagers during pregnancy and up to one year after giving birth, the Riverside Press-Enterprise reports. County health departments operate the program with oversight from the state Department of Public Health. Sarah Mack, a spokesperson for the Riverside County Department of Public Health, said the program provides a safety net for women who are uncertain about how to obtain prenatal care. The program"s nurses and social workers work to identify vulnerable groups with the goal of initiating care within the first trimester of pregnancy. The program aims to reduce incidences of low birthweight, premature delivery, maternal and infant mortality, preventable childhood diseases and disabling conditions.Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger (R) has proposed eliminating more than $20 million in funding from the program to help reduce California"s estimated $24 billion budget deficit. Last week, the state Legislature"s joint budget conference introduced a counterproposal that would lower cuts to the program to $8 million.The most recent statistics from the state public health department show that nearly 16,000 California women who gave birth in 2006 had late or no prenatal care. More than 38,500 low-birthweight infants were born that year. Jim Lindley, director of the San Bernardino County Department of Public Health, said that Schwarzenegger"s proposal would amount to the elimination of "the bulk of funding" for the program. Mack said that Riverside County officials have identified scenarios to continue providing services if the state funding is eliminated. However, without the funding, "[m]ore people could fall through the safety net," Mack said, adding, "Those who need the program the most would be the most likely to fall through."Schwarzenegger spokesperson Lisa Page has said that the governor believes the state"s budget situation leaves him with little choice about making cuts (Hines, Riverside Press-Enterprise, 6/22).
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"How Does The Human Brain Work?" - Leicester Researcher Explores New Methodologies That Shed Light On This Age-old Mystery
"Nature" journals are synonymous with the very best in research. Earlier this year, an article by University of Leicester bioengineer Professor Rodrigo Quian Quiroga not only appeared in Nature Reviews Neuroscience, but also featured on the magazine cover. In the article, Prof. Quian Quiroga and co-author Dr. Stefano Panzeri discuss new methodologies that are enabling scientists to better understand how our brain processes information.
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News From The June Issue Of CHEST

PULMONARY HYPERTENSION: A CASE OF MISTAKEN IDENTITY? New research shows that patients who are diagnosed with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) but fail to respond to targeted therapies may actually have a condition known as pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD), a subtype of PAH. Australian researchers reviewed 14 cases of clinically diagnosed PAH who had failed medical therapy and found that 12 patients (86 percent) had PVOD and 2 patients (14 percent) had PAH only. Although there were no significant differences in clinical presentations between patients with PVOD and PAH only, there were considerable differences in the vessel pathologic findings and pathophysiology between the two conditions. Researchers speculate that these differences may be the reason why some patients with PAH do not respond to standard PAH therapy. The researchers conclude that further research is needed to determine if PVOD should be considered an individual type of PAH or remain a PAH subtype. The study is published in the June issue of CHEST, the peer-reviewed journal of the American College of Chest Physicians. OVERCOMING BARRIERS TO PAIN MANAGEMENT IN THE ICU A new article underscores the many complexities and challenges associated with managing pain in the critically ill patient. Although the complex conditions presented by the critically ill patient provide significant obstacles, the authors discuss additional barriers to optimal pain management, including outdated clinical practices and faulty systems. The authors also present a number of structured approaches that have been shown to be successful in improving pain treatment in the critically ill patient, as well as future directions for pain management in the ICU. The article is published in the June issue of CHEST, the peer-reviewed journal of the American College of Chest Physicians. URINALYSIS MAY REVEAL SEVERITY OF BREATHING DISORDER IN CHILDREN New research suggests that the urine concentration of lipid mediators may determine the severity of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children. Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs), lipid mediators associated with inflammatory conditions such as asthma, have been found in high concentrations in the tonsil tissue of children with SDB. Researchers from Greece speculated that high CysLTs concentrations found in urine also could indicate severity of SDB in children. The team measured morning urine concentrations in 19 children with moderate-to-severe SDB, 29 children with mild SDB, 26 children with primary snoring, and 18 control subjects. Results showed that children with moderate-to-severe SDB had higher CysLTs levels than the other groups. Results also showed that urine levels of CysLTs, tonsillar size, and BMI were significant predictors of obstructive apnea-hypopnea index. The report is published in the June issue of CHEST, the peer-reviewed journal of the American College of Chest Physicians. Jennifer Stawarz American College of Chest Physicians


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